GPT-1 vs GPT-2
Benchmarks, API Token Pricing, Context Window & Speed Comparison
Related topics (12)
OpenAI 的 GPT-1 与 OpenAI 的 GPT-2 是当前备受关注的两款主力 AI 模型。GPT-1 提供 512 Token 上下文窗口，API 定价为每百万 Token 输入 $0.00 / 输出 $0.00；而 GPT-2 提供 1K Token 上下文窗口，定价为每百万 Token 输入 $0.00 / 输出 $0.00。以下为两者的基准测试、延迟与成本全面对比。
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GPT-1
开源权重基础大模型OpenAI 推出的 GPT-1 是一款支持私有云服务器自托管、微调与完全数据主权的开源权重基础大模型，具备 1K 上下文窗口、150 Token/秒生成速度与 5/100 综合智能指数（免费开源权重）。
$0.00 / 1M
$0.00 / 1M
512 tokens
N/A
GPT-2
开源权重基础大模型OpenAI 推出的 GPT-2 是一款支持私有云服务器自托管、微调与完全数据主权的开源权重基础大模型，具备 1K 上下文窗口、120 Token/秒生成速度与 12/100 综合智能指数（免费开源权重）。
$0.00 / 1M
$0.00 / 1M
1K tokens
N/A
核心差异一览
- Both models cost the same under this workload — choose on capability, not price.
- GPT-2 has a larger context window (1K vs 1K tokens).
- GPT-1 is faster at 150 tok/s vs 120 tok/s.
| Feature | GPT-1 | GPT-2 |
|---|---|---|
Intelligence Index Composite reasoning & knowledge score (0-100) | 5 | 12 |
Provider | OpenAI | OpenAI |
Input Price Cost per million input tokens | $0.00 / 1M | $0.00 / 1M |
Output Price Cost per million output tokens | $0.00 / 1M | $0.00 / 1M |
Blended Price Weighted 7:2:1 cache:input:output per 1M | $0.00 / 1M | $0.00 / 1M |
Context Window Maximum input + output tokens | 512 tokens~1 A4 pages of text | 1K tokens~2 A4 pages of text |
Max Output Tokens Per single request | 1K | 1K |
Throughput Speed Tokens generated per second | 150 tok/s | 120 tok/s |
SWE-bench Verified Real-world software engineering | N/A | N/A |
各项指标谁更胜一筹？
At-a-glance decision frameworkEvaluations ongoing
权威基准测试得分对比
Official evaluation metrics verified by independent third-party research labs.
Hardened reasoning and academic knowledge benchmark with reduced lucky-guess probability.
Crowdsourced human preference evaluation based on blind, head-to-head model battles.
Tokens emitted per second during active generation streaming.
延迟与响应速度
Time to first token (TTFT) and estimated end-to-end response time for a typical 500-token response.
实时 Token 成本模拟器
Adjust sliders to calculate projected monthly cloud API spending with prompt caching discounts.
GPT-1 · Strengths & Key Advantages
- 提供 1K 上下文窗口与最高 1K 输出容量，核心基准表现优异（MMLU-Pro 8.5% · Arena Elo 600）
- 高达 150 Token/秒的生成吞吐量，首字延迟 (TTFT) 仅约 250 毫秒
- 开放模型权重 (117M)，支持通过 vLLM、SGLang 或 Ollama 在私有 GPU 集群上本地部署与微调
Considerations & Trade-offs
- 在本地以满血精度运行需要较高的 GPU 显存 (VRAM) 与运维基础设施
- 在超长链路的前沿科研推导任务上，深度略逊于顶配重型旗舰推理模型
GPT-2 · Strengths & Key Advantages
- 提供 1K 上下文窗口与最高 1K 输出容量，核心基准表现优异（MMLU-Pro 15.2% · Arena Elo 750）
- 高达 120 Token/秒的生成吞吐量，首字延迟 (TTFT) 仅约 300 毫秒
- 开放模型权重 (1.5B)，支持通过 vLLM、SGLang 或 Ollama 在私有 GPU 集群上本地部署与微调
Considerations & Trade-offs
- 在本地以满血精度运行需要较高的 GPU 显存 (VRAM) 与运维基础设施
- 在超长链路的前沿科研推导任务上，深度略逊于顶配重型旗舰推理模型
Token Use & Task Economics
Estimated cost and token consumption to complete one representative agentic task.
| Metric | GPT-1 | GPT-2 |
|---|---|---|
Cost per Task Estimated USD to finish one task | $0.20 | $0.20 |
Output Tokens / Task Tokens generated per task | 24K | 24K |
Reasoning Tokens / Task Thinking tokens burned per task | 0K | 0K |
技术规格参数
Architecture, release timeline, capabilities, and modalities.
| Feature | GPT-1 | GPT-2 |
|---|---|---|
| Official API Model ID (SDK) | gpt-1 | gpt-2 |
| API Protocol | OpenAI Responses API & Chat Completions v1 | OpenAI Responses API & Chat Completions v1 |
| Release Date | 2018-06 | 2019-02 |
| Knowledge Cutoff | 2018 | 2019 |
| Architecture | 12-layer Decoder Transformer | 48-layer Decoder Transformer |
| Parameters | 117M | 1.5B |
| Enterprise Rate Limits (RPM / TPM) | Unlimited (Hardware-bound on self-hosted GPU) / 10,000 RPM Cloud · Unlimited local throughput / 10M+ TPM Managed Cloud | Unlimited (Hardware-bound on self-hosted GPU) / 10,000 RPM Cloud · Unlimited local throughput / 10M+ TPM Managed Cloud |
| Long-Context Tier (>128K/200K) | Free across full context window (only KV-cache VRAM scales) | Free across full context window (only KV-cache VRAM scales) |
| Prompt Cache Policy & TTL | Automatic prefix KV-caching in vLLM / SGLang (0 cost) | Automatic prefix KV-caching in vLLM / SGLang (0 cost) |
| Computer Use / GUI Agent | Text-only completion (No GUI action loop) | Text-only completion (No GUI action loop) |
| MCP & Parallel Tool Calling | Prompt-based JSON extraction only | Prompt-based JSON extraction only |
| Web Search Grounding & Sandbox | Native Web Search tool + Hosted Code Interpreter & File Search RAG | Native Web Search tool + Hosted Code Interpreter & File Search RAG |
| Official Fine-Tuning Support | Full Weights SFT, LoRA, QLoRA, DPO & GRPO RL (Unsloth / Axolotl / Llama-Factory) | Full Weights SFT, LoRA, QLoRA, DPO & GRPO RL (Unsloth / Axolotl / Llama-Factory) |
| Multimodal Token Billing | Text BPE (~4 chars/token) | Text BPE (~4 chars/token) |
| Quantization & Min GPU VRAM | BF16 / FP16, FP8 Dynamic, INT4 AWQ / GPTQ, GGUF (Q4_K_M / Q8_0) · 2 GB VRAM (4-bit Quantized) · 4 GB VRAM (Native BF16) | BF16 / FP16, FP8 Dynamic, INT4 AWQ / GPTQ, GGUF (Q4_K_M / Q8_0) · 2 GB VRAM (4-bit Quantized) · 4 GB VRAM (Native BF16) |
| Safety & Frontier Classification | OpenAI Preparedness Framework Audited & System Card Published | OpenAI Preparedness Framework Audited & System Card Published |
| Enterprise Compliance (ZDR/HIPAA/SOC2) | 100% Air-Gapped On-Premises / Private VPC · Full HIPAA, GDPR & SOC2 Control | 100% Air-Gapped On-Premises / Private VPC · Full HIPAA, GDPR & SOC2 Control |
| Input Modalities | text | text |
| Output Modalities | text | text |
GPT-1 vs GPT-2: 常见问题解答 (FAQ)
Which is more intelligent, GPT-1 or GPT-2?
GPT-2 is more intelligent. It scores 12 compared with 5 on the composite Intelligence Index.
Which model is faster?
GPT-1 is faster, generating 150 tokens per second compared with 120 tokens per second.
Which model has lower latency?
GPT-1 has lower latency, with a time to first token of 0.25s compared with 0.30s.
Which model has a larger context window?
GPT-2 has a larger context window, supporting 1K tokens compared with 512 tokens.
综合结论
综合来看，GPT-1（适合：支持私有云服务器自托管、微调与完全数据主权的开源权重基础任务、企业级 RAG 检索增强生成、自动化智能体工作流与高可靠 API 集成。）与 GPT-2（适合：支持私有云服务器自托管、微调与完全数据主权的开源权重基础任务、企业级 RAG 检索增强生成、自动化智能体工作流与高可靠 API 集成。）各具优势：GPT-2 在综合智能与编程基准测试中表现更强，GPT-1 拥有更快的 Token 生成速度，而 GPT-1 则在规模化 API 部署中具备更高的成本效益。
常见问题 (FAQ)
在编程和深度推理方面，GPT-1 和 GPT-2 哪个更强？+
在综合智能指数与编程基准评测中，GPT-2 表现占优。建议结合上方的 SWE-bench Verified 与 GPQA Diamond 跑分根据具体场景选择。
GPT-1 与 GPT-2 的 API 价格哪个更便宜？+
GPT-1 的 API 价格为输入 $0.00 / 输出 $0.00（每百万 Token），GPT-2 为输入 $0.00 / 输出 $0.00。综合混合成本来看，GPT-1 更具性价比。
哪款模型拥有更大的上下文窗口和更快的响应速度？+
GPT-1 支持 512 Token 上下文窗口，而 GPT-2 支持 1K Token。在流式生成速度方面，GPT-1 的吞吐表现更快。
Understand key metrics like context window, token pricing, reasoning mode, and SWE-bench scores in our comprehensive AI glossary.
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Benchmark scores, token prices, and rate limits evolve rapidly as AI labs release model updates. Always verify current specifications and pricing on the official provider documentation.
数据来源: OpenAI 与 OpenAI 官方 API 文档、模型发布说明及独立基准测试报告 (2026)。